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+<TITLE>A Philosophical Grammar of Ithkuil, a Constructed Language - Chapter 5: Verb Morphology</TITLE>
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+<META name="description" content="A constructed philosophical language design showing NOT how artificial languages do function, but rather how they COULD function.">
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+</HEAD><BODY>
+<DIV align="center"><FONT color="#999999" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>Ithkuil: 
+  A Philosophical Design for a Hypothetical Language</STRONG></FONT><BR>
+  <IMG src="assets/Title-Script5.gif"><BR>
+  <BR>
+</DIV>
+<TABLE width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="1">
+  <TBODY><TR>
+    <TD width="9%" height="25" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="1"><A name="menu"></A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="index.html" target="_top">Home</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="37%" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="assets/ithkuil-ch5a-verb-morphology1.html">5a 
+      Verb Morphology </A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch9-syntax.html">9 
+      Syntax</A></FONT></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="2"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></FONT></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-intro.html">Introduction</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch5b-verbs-contd.html">5b 
+      Verb Morphology (continued)</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch10-lexicosemantics.html">10 
+      Lexico-Semantics</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="2"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="2"></FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch1-phonology.html">1 
+      Phonology</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch6-moreverbs.html">6 
+      More Verb Morphology</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch11-script.html">11 
+      The Script </A></FONT></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch2-morphophonology.html">2 
+      Morpho-Phonology</A></FONT><FONT size="2">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch7a-affixes.html">7a 
+      Using Affixes </A></FONT></FONT></FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch12-numbers.html">12 
+      The Number System</A></FONT></FONT></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT size="2">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch3-morphology.html">3 
+      Basic Morphology</A></FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch7b-affixes-contd.html">7b 
+      Using Affixes (continued) </A></FONT></FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-lexicon.html">The 
+      Lexicon</A></FONT></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch4-case.html">4 
+      Case Morphology </A></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch8-adjuncts.html">8 
+      Adjuncts</A></FONT></TD>
+    <!-- <td valign="top"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="ilaksh/Ilaksh_Intro.html">Revised Ithkuil: <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">I</font>laksh</a></font></td> -->
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<H2 align="center">&nbsp;</H2>
+<H2 align="center">Chapter 5: Verb Morphology</H2>
+<DIV align="center">
+  <TABLE width="39%" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="296"><FONT size="2"><A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o1">5.1 Illocution</A></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+    <TR> 
+      <TD><FONT size="2"><A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o2">5.2 Valence</A></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+    <TR> 
+      <TD><FONT size="2"><A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o3">5.3 Version</A></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+    <TR> 
+      <TD><FONT size="2"><A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o4">5.4 Conflation, Derivation and Format</A></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+    <TR> 
+      <TD height="17"><FONT size="2"><A href="ithkuil-ch5b-verbs-contd.html">Chapter 
+        5 Continued: Sections 5.5 through 5.7</A></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The Ithkuil verbal formative (termed �verb� in 
+  this chapter for simplicity�s sake) is the workhorse of the language, 
+  inflecting for twenty-two different morphological categories. These include 
+  the eight categories shared by all formatives and already discussed in <A href="ithkuil-ch3-morphology.html">Chapter 
+  3</A>: <STRONG>Configuration, Affiliation, Perspective, Extension, Focus, Essence, 
+  Context, </STRONG>and<STRONG> Designation</STRONG>. Additionally the following 
+  fourteen categories apply solely to verbs: <STRONG>Illocution, Valence, Version, 
+  Conflation/Derivation, Format, Modality, Level, Case-Frame, Validation, Phase, 
+  Sanction, Aspect, Mood, </STRONG>and<STRONG> Bias</STRONG>. The verb can also 
+  theoretically take any number of the over 1300 affixes available to formatives. 
+  Such affixes are analyzed in <A href="ithkuil-ch7a-affixes.html" target="mainFrame">Chapter 
+  7</A>. </P>
+<P align="justify">The full structure of a Ithkuil verbal formative is tripartite, 
+  i.e., having three distinct words, these being an<STRONG> aspectual adjunct</STRONG>, 
+  a <STRONG>conflation </STRONG>(or<STRONG> valence</STRONG>)<STRONG> adjunct</STRONG>, 
+  and the <STRONG>verb</STRONG> itself. In simple sentences, either or both of 
+  the two adjuncts may be missing. The following extreme example of a fully inflected 
+  Ithkuil verb illustrates all 22 morphological components of the tripartite structure:</P>
+<TABLE width="93%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="2%" height="43">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD width="37%"><IMG src="assets/5-0e.gif" width="214" height="31"></TD>
+    <TD width="44%"><DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF">____</FONT><IMG src="assets/5-0a.gif" width="262" height="22"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="17%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="1" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-1.mp3"><FONT color="#FFFFFF">______</FONT>Listen!</A> 
+        <A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-1.mp3"><IMG src="assets/Audio_icon.gif" width="19" height="16" border="0" align="absbottom"></A></FONT> 
+      </DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<TABLE width="75%" border="1" cellpadding="5">
+  <TBODY><TR valign="top"> 
+    <TD width="47%"><IMG src="assets/5-0b.gif" width="144" height="174" align="top"></TD>
+    <TD width="32%"><IMG src="assets/5-0c.gif" width="159" height="174"></TD>
+    <TD width="21%"><IMG src="assets/5-0d.gif" width="252" height="258"></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">A highly stilted but approximate English translation of the 
+  above, capturing as many of the nuances of the Ithkuil phrase as possible, would 
+  be: �<EM>�despite apparently being on the verge, contrary to the 
+  allegation, of just so happening to want to succeed in vowing to maybe return 
+  periodically to the honorable practice of superlative architecture for others 
+  to follow by example</EM>� </P>
+<P align="justify">In this chapter we will examine eight of the 14 morphological 
+  categories particular to verbal formatives. The six categories specific to aspectual 
+  adjuncts will be described in <A href="ithkuil-ch6-moreverbs.html">Chapter 
+  6</A>.</P>
+<P>&nbsp;</P>
+<TABLE width="99%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <P><A name="Sec5o1"></A><STRONG><FONT size="4">5.1 
+        ILLOCUTION</FONT></STRONG></P></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">Illocution refers to what in linguistics is usually termed 
+  types of speech acts, i.e., the general purpose of a statement such as whether 
+  it is an assertion, a command, a declaratory pronouncement, a question, a warning, 
+  etc. This is a category which is not generally marked within Western languages 
+  in any consistent grammatical sense, the nearest equivalent grammatical category 
+  usually being Mood. In Ithkuil, Mood (which will be discussed in <A href="ithkuil-ch6-moreverbs.html">Chapter 
+  6</A>) functions in a much narrower grammatical range than in Western languages. 
+  When the moods of Western language actually relate to types of speech acts, 
+  the equivalent function in Ithkuil is shown by the category of Illocution.</P>
+<P align="justify">There are seven illocutions in Ithkuil: <FONT size="2">ASSERTIVE</FONT>, 
+  <FONT size="2">DIRECTIVE</FONT>, <FONT size="2">COMMISSIVE</FONT>, <FONT size="2">EXPRESSIVE</FONT>, 
+  <FONT size="2">DECLARATIVE</FONT>, <FONT size="2">INTERROGATIVE</FONT> and <FONT size="2">ADMONITIVE</FONT>. 
+  They distinguish the type of speech act being performed by the speaker, with 
+  a specific focus on the type of commitment being made on the part of either 
+  the speaker or the hearer to the truth or purpose of the utterance. They are 
+  marked by a consonantal affix to the verb which immediately follows the Affiliation/Extension/Conflation 
+  prefix (see <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o4o1">Section 5.4.1</A>) and precedes the C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> 
+  radical consonant. The illocutions and their prefixes are described below.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="16%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.1</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="12%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>ASR</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Assertive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">ASSERTIVE</FONT> illocution is unmarked 
+  by any affix. The <FONT size="2">ASSERTIVE</FONT> is used to express propositions 
+  which purport to describe or name some act, event, or state in the real world, 
+  with the purpose of committing the hearer to the truth of the proposition. Thus, 
+  an utterance in the <FONT size="2">ASSERTIVE</FONT> illocution is one that can 
+  be believed or disbelieved, and is either true or false. Such utterances would 
+  include general statements, descriptions, and explanations. </P>
+<P>&nbsp;</P>
+<TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="16%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.2</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    <TD width="12%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>DIR</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Directive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">DIRECTIVE</FONT> illocution is marked by 
+  the affix -<STRONG>�</STRONG>- (i.e., the glottal stop). For stems whose 
+  C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> radical is a single stop or affricate consonant (i.e., 
+  <IMG src="assets/5-1-2a.gif" width="271" height="18" align="absbottom"> 
+  plus corresponding ejectives or aspirates) in mutational grades 1 through 8, 
+  this illocution is shown by gemination of the initial consonant of C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> 
+  consonantal form rather than by a glottal stop (e.g., <STRONG> <FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">aqq<IMG src="assets/aspiration-h.gif" width="4" height="17" align="absmiddle">wet</FONT></STRONG>, 
+  not <FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>a�q<FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/aspiration-h.gif" width="4" height="17" align="absmiddle"></FONT>wet</STRONG></FONT>). 
+  The <FONT size="2">DIRECTIVE</FONT> illocution is for the purpose of committing 
+  the hearer to undertake a course of action represented by the proposition, where 
+  the proposition describes a mental wish, desire, or intention on the part of 
+  the speaker. Thus, an utterance in the <FONT size="2">DIRECTIVE</FONT> is one 
+  that is neither true nor false because it is not describing something that purports 
+  to exist in the real world; rather, it describes an act or situation which can 
+  potentially be made real, i.e., that can be fulfilled or carried out. Such utterances 
+  include commands, orders, and requests and would generally be marked in Western 
+  languages by either the imperative, optative, or subjunctive moods. The commitment 
+  on the part of the hearer is not belief or disbelief, but rather whether to 
+  obey, comply with, or grant. <BR>
+</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="16%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.3</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="12%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>CMV</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Commissive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">COMMISSIVE</FONT> illocution is marked by 
+  the affix -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">n</FONT></STRONG>- 
+  (with alternative affixes -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>m</STRONG></FONT>- 
+  or -<IMG src="assets/n-cedilla.gif" width="10" height="14" align="absbottom">- 
+  where euphonically appropriate). Preceding a C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> form beginning 
+  with -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">n</FONT></STRONG>-, 
+  -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">r</FONT></STRONG>-, or -<IMG src="assets/r-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14" align="absbottom">-, 
+  the affix -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">m</FONT></STRONG>- 
+  is used. The <FONT size="2">COMMISSIVE</FONT> illocution is similar to the <FONT size="2">DIRECTIVE</FONT> 
+  above, except that the listener and the speaker are the same person, i.e., the 
+  statement is a wish or command directed at oneself as in a promise, vow, pledge, 
+  oath, contract, or guarantee. </P>
+<P>&nbsp;</P>
+<TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="16%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.4</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    <TD width="12%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>EXP</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Expressive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">EXPRESSIVE</FONT> illocution is marked by 
+  the affix -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">f</FONT></STRONG>-, 
+  with alternate forms -<IMG src="assets/t-cedilla.gif" width="7" height="16" align="absbottom">- 
+  or -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>z</STRONG></FONT>- where 
+  euphonically appropriate or where necessary to avoid confusion with a geminated 
+  C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> form (i.e., <STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">azvar</FONT></STRONG> 
+  and <FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>a<IMG src="assets/t-cedilla.gif" width="7" height="16" align="absmiddle">far</STRONG></FONT> 
+  rather than <STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">afvar</FONT></STRONG> 
+  and <FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>affar</STRONG></FONT>). 
+  The <FONT size="2">EXPRESSIVE</FONT> is used for various types of specialized 
+  utterances where the truth-value of the proposition is taken for granted and 
+  the commitment imposed upon the hearer is one of acceptance or non-acceptance. 
+  Such utterances include welcomes, offers, congratulations, condolences, and 
+  apologies. </P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="16%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.5</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="12%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>DEC</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Declarative</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">DECLARATIVE</FONT> illocution is marked 
+  by the affix -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>�</STRONG></FONT>- 
+  with alternate forms -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>p</STRONG></FONT>-, 
+  -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">t</FONT></STRONG>- or -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>k</STRONG></FONT>- 
+  where euphonically appropriate and/or to avoid confusion with a geminated C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> 
+  consonantal form. The <FONT size="2">DECLARATIVE</FONT> is used for utterances 
+  whose purpose is to themselves effect a change upon the real world, based upon 
+  convention, cultural rules, law, subjective authority, or personal authority 
+  or control of a situation. The commitment imposed upon the hearer is one of 
+  recognition or non-recognition. Such utterances include declarations, announcements, 
+  proclamations, and various �performative� expressions. Certain languages 
+  mark this function of a verb using a mood known as hortative. Examples would 
+  be: <EM>I dub thee �Clown Master�!, The king will hear all grievances 
+  at noon each day, This court is now in session, We hereby declare this treaty 
+  null and void!</EM></P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="16%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.6</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="12%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>IRG</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Interrogative<A name="Sec5o1o6"></A></STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">INTERROGATIVE</FONT> illocution is marked 
+  by the affix -<STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">r</FONT></STRONG>- 
+  with alternate form -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>n</STRONG></FONT>- 
+  used where euphonically appropriate and/or to avoid confusion with a geminated 
+  C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> consonantal form. The <FONT size="2">INTERROGATIVE</FONT> 
+  is used for utterances corresponding to questions in other languages. Questions, 
+  as such, do not exist in Ithkuil. All inquiries and interrogatives are treated 
+  as a type of directive in which the speaker tells the addressee to validate 
+  the truth of an assertion or provide missing information specified by an interrogative 
+  affix to a formative, i.e., when using the <FONT size="2">INTERROGATIVE</FONT>, 
+  one is not asking <EM>Would you like to dance with me?</EM> Rather, one is expressing 
+  what can only be translated either a specialized command <EM>(State whether) 
+  you will dance with me</EM> or a specialized assertion <EM>(I inquire whether) 
+  you will dance with me</EM>. One does not say <EM>What�s your name?</EM>, 
+  but rather <EM>Tell me your name</EM>. </P>
+<P align="justify">Indeed, Ithkuil has no words corresponding to the English words 
+  �question� or �ask,� the nearest equivalents being derived 
+  from the words for �investigation� and �determine.� 
+  Consequently, there is no question mark used at the end of the sentence, nor 
+  does the pitch of the voice rise as is usual with Western languages when asking 
+  questions. The commitment on the part of the listener in regard to the <FONT size="2">INTERROGATIVE</FONT> 
+  is one of compliance or non-compliance in divulging the information sought, 
+  and the truth value of the utterance is neutral pending the reply.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.1.7</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>ADM</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Admonitive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">ADMONITIVE</FONT> illocution is marked by 
+  the affix -<FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>l</STRONG></FONT>- 
+  with alternate forms -<IMG src="assets/r-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14" align="absbottom">- 
+  or -<IMG src="assets/l-cedilla.gif" width="5" height="17" align="absbottom">- 
+  used where euphonically appropriate and/or to avoid confusion with a geminated 
+  C<FONT size="1">1</FONT> consonantal form. The <FONT size="2">ADMONITIVE</FONT> 
+  is used for admonitions and warnings, corresponding to English phrases such 
+  as �(I) caution you lest�,� �(I) warn you against�,� 
+  or �Be careful not to�.� The utterance is neither true nor 
+  false because it describes only a potential act or situation which may occur 
+  unless avoided. The commitment on the part of the hearer is to assess the degree 
+  of likelihood of the potentiality, followed by a choice whether to heed or ignore/defy 
+  the utterance. </P>
+<H3><BR>
+  5.1.8 Examples of Illocution in Use</H3>
+<BLOCKQUOTE> 
+  <P><IMG src="assets/Clown7.GIF" width="83" height="101" border="0"></A><BR>
+    <FONT size="1" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-2.mp3"><FONT color="#FFFFFF">___</FONT>Listen!</A> 
+    <A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-2.mp3"><IMG src="assets/Audio_icon.gif" width="19" height="16" border="0" align="absbottom"></A></FONT></P>
+</BLOCKQUOTE>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<TABLE width="98%" border="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
+  <TBODY><TR>
+    <TD><P><A name="Sec5o2"></A><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2 VALENCE</STRONG></FONT></P></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">In Ithkuil, the term <STRONG>Valence</STRONG> is used to refer 
+  to the manner of participation of two separate entities or parties to any given 
+  verb, i.e., participation by one party automatically implies participation by 
+  another party to the same act, event, or state in either a parallel, corollary, 
+  or complementary fashion. Such dual participation occurs naturally in the verbs 
+  of world languages and is the province of what is known as �co-active� 
+  verbs. While all languages implicitly have co-active verbs, Ithkuil explicitly 
+  shows this dual participation in a formal and systematic way. To illustrate 
+  the concept of co-activity in English compare the following pairs of sentences:</P>
+<TABLE width="71%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="43%">1a) <EM>I found an old man.</EM></TD>
+    <TD width="7%"><IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"></TD>
+    <TD width="50%">1b) <EM>I found an empty can.</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD>2a) <EM>I threw the ball at Sam.</EM></TD>
+    <TD><IMG src="assets/arrow.gif"></TD>
+    <TD>2b) <EM>I threw the ball at the window.</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD>3a) <EM>I performed in front of her.</EM></TD>
+    <TD><IMG src="assets/arrow.gif"></TD>
+    <TD>3b) <EM>I performed in front of the wall.</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">Note that the first member of each sentence pair has an animate 
+  object of the verb (<EM>an old man, Sam, </EM>and<EM> her</EM>), while the second 
+  member of each pair has an inanimate object (<EM>an empty can, the window, </EM>and<EM> 
+  the wall</EM>). Now compare this set of sentence pairs to the similar set below: 
+</P>
+<TABLE width="71%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="39%">1c) <EM>I met an old man.</EM></TD>
+    <TD width="7%"><IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"></TD>
+    <TD width="54%">1d) <EM>* I met an empty can.</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD>2c) <EM>I threw Sam the ball.</EM></TD>
+    <TD><IMG src="assets/arrow.gif"></TD>
+    <TD>2d) <EM>* I threw the window the ball.</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD>3c) <EM>I entertained her.</EM></TD>
+    <TD><IMG src="assets/arrow.gif"></TD>
+    <TD>3d) <EM>* I entertained the wall.</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify"> The asterisk * indicates that the second sentence of these 
+  pairs is semantically unacceptable to English speakers. Why?</P>
+<P align="justify">The second set of sentence pairs parallel the first set except 
+  that the verbs <EM>find</EM>, <EM>throw at</EM>, and <EM>perform</EM> have been 
+  replaced by the semantically similar <EM>meet</EM>, <EM>throw</EM>, and <EM>entertain</EM>. 
+  Nevertheless, the use of inanimate objects with these latter three verbs appears 
+  unacceptable. The reason is that the verbs in the first set are �mono-active,� 
+  i.e., they do not require that the object participate in the action in any way, 
+  whereas the verbs in the second set are �co-active,� requiring that 
+  the object participate in the action along with the subject. Thus, while I can 
+  <EM>find</EM> an old man without the old man doing anything about it or even 
+  being aware of it, I cannot <EM>meet</EM> an old man without the old man also 
+  meeting me. I can <EM>throw a ball at Sam</EM> without Sam noticing, but if 
+  I <EM>throw Sam a ball</EM> it implies that he is expected to participate by 
+  catching it. Similarly, I can <EM>perform</EM> in front of someone even if they�re 
+  asleep, but I can�t <EM>entertain</EM> them unless they are participating 
+  in the situation by observing me. </P>
+<P align="justify">The participatory relationship involving the second party of 
+  a co-active verb differs depending on the context. It can be a parallel relationship 
+  (i.e., both parties participate identically) as implied by the English adverb 
+  �together� in <EM>He and I jog together</EM>, or a reciprocal relationship 
+  as in the sentence <EM>I met the old man</EM> (i.e., and so he met me) or in 
+  verbs used with the adverbial phrase �each other,� as in <EM>We 
+  love each other</EM>. The relationship can be one of accompaniment as in <EM>I 
+  played along with him</EM> (e.g., as he sang), or a complementary relationship 
+  as in <EM>I threw Sam the ball</EM> (i.e., and so he caught it).</P>
+<P align="justify">Other sorts of co-active relationships are possible. It is 
+  the differences in these relationships that are systematized in Ithkuil into 
+  the category called valence. In English and other languages co-activity is rarely 
+  explicit and systematic (the use of adverbs such as �together,� 
+  �each other,� or prefixes such as �out-� as in <EM>out-perform</EM> 
+  are some exceptions), and when lexified within a verb itself, are implicitly 
+  specific to that verb, giving rise to monoactive/co-active pairs such as <EM>find/meet, 
+  throw at/throw, perform/entertain</EM>, etc. </P>
+<P align="justify">In Ithkuil, co-activity is explicitly shown morphologically, 
+  and the types of co-active relationships, i.e., the valences of the verb, are 
+  systematic and fully productive for all verbs. As a result, no mono-active versus 
+  co-active lexical distinctions are necessary, i.e., all verbs can function monoactively 
+  as well as co-actively.</P>
+<P align="justify">There are fourteen valences in Ithkuil: the <FONT size="2">MONOACTIVE, 
+  PARALLEL, COROLLARY, RECIPROCAL, COMPLEMENTARY, NONRELATIONAL, DUPLICATIVE, 
+  DEMONSTRATIVE, RESISTIVE, IMITATIVE, CONTINGENT, PARTICIPATIVE, INDICATIVE</FONT>, 
+  and <FONT size="2">MUTUAL</FONT>. Valence is shown by the initial vocalic affix 
+  to a type of adjunct known as either a valence adjunct or a conflational adjunct, 
+  depending on whether the verb manifests a derivative conflation (explained later 
+  in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o4">Sec. 5.4</A>). For now we will concentrate solely on the 
+  valence adjunct form. Thirteen of these fourteen vocalic prefixes signify co-active 
+  relationships while the first constitutes a neutral valence corresponding to 
+  monoactivity. The initial prefix also indicates the additional morphological 
+  category of <STRONG>Version</STRONG>, a separate morphological category described 
+  later in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o3">Section 5.3</A>. </P>
+<P align="justify">The form of a valence adjunct is <STRONG>V<FONT size="1">v</FONT></STRONG> 
+  + <IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle">, 
+  where <STRONG>V<FONT size="1">v</FONT></STRONG> is the vocalic prefix signifying 
+  the valence and version of the verb. These prefixes are shown below in Table 
+  12. Following the table are explanations of each valence. It should be noted 
+  that placement of a glottal stop infix -<STRONG>�</STRONG>- between the 
+  <STRONG>V<FONT size="1">v</FONT></STRONG> prefix and <IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+  assigns positive focus <STRONG>+FC</STRONG> to the main verb.</P>
+<P><BR>
+  <FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><A name="Table12"></A>Table 
+  12: Valence / Version* Prefixes</STRONG></FONT><BR>
+  <BR>
+  <IMG src="assets/5-2a.gif" width="599" height="324"> <BR>
+  <FONT size="2">*</FONT> <FONT size="2">see <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o3">Section 5.3 below</A> 
+  for an explanation of Version</FONT></P>
+<P align="justify"> <BR>
+  The fourteen valences are explained as follows:<BR>
+</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.1</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>MNO</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Monoactive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">MONOACTIVE</FONT> valence is the default 
+  valence and indicates a lack of co-activity, i.e., no participation by a second 
+  party is implied.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.2</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>PRL</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Parallel</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">PARALLEL</FONT> valence indicates that a 
+  second party is engaging in the same activity as the first party at same time. 
+  It would be used in translating sentences such as <EM>The children all sang 
+  together, We both went jogging on the parkway</EM>.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.3</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>CRO</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Corollary</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">COROLLARY</FONT> valence is similar to the 
+  <FONT size="2">PARALLEL</FONT>, except that the second party engages in related 
+  activity at the same time as the first party, rather than the same activity. 
+  It would be used in translating sentences such as <EM>The children played in 
+  the yard </EM>(i.e., each child engaged in a different play activity) or <EM>The 
+  band played my favorite song</EM> (implying that not everyone in the band was 
+  playing the same instrument, or perhaps that someone in the band sang as opposed 
+  to playing an instrument).</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.4</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>RCP</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Reciprocal<A name="Sec5o2o4"></A></STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">RECIPROCAL</FONT> valence indicates identical 
+  activity by each party directed at the other, thus translating the English adverbial 
+  phrases �each other� and �one another,� as in <EM>They 
+  looked at each other, The clown and the grocer despise one another</EM>.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.5</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>CPL</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Complementary</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">COMPLEMENTARY</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the second party performs a complementary activity to that of the first party. 
+  By �complementary� is meant an activity different from that of the 
+  first party, but necessary to complete the whole of the joint activity, i.e., 
+  the �other half� of the joint activity. This is exemplified in sentences 
+  such as <EM>The man and his son played catch, Hortense took me into the woods, 
+  The clown read the children a story</EM>, where �played catch� implies 
+  the complementary activities of throwing and catching, �took (into the 
+  woods)� implies someone leading while the other follows, and �read� 
+  implies a reader and an audience.</P>
+<P align="justify"></P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.6</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>NNR</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Nonrelational</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">NONRELATIONAL</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  a second party engages in a completely unrelated activity from the first, i.e., 
+  an incidental or circumstantial co-activity. There is no direct way to exemplify 
+  this valence in English translation other than to add a periphrastic clause 
+  such as �while the other did something else� as in <EM>He shaved 
+  while she did something else</EM>. The way an Ithkuil sentence would utilize 
+  this valence would be in sentences overtly constructed to say, for example, 
+  �They were in the house� with the <FONT size="2">NONRELATIONAL</FONT> 
+  valence rendering a connotation of ��where one party was doing one 
+  thing while the other did something else.�</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.7</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>DUP</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Duplicative</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">DUPLICATIVE</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the second party copies or repeats the activity of the first party, as in the 
+  sentences <EM>Let�s draw a picture</EM> (i.e., I�ll draw it first, 
+  then you draw the same picture), <EM>They both read that book</EM> (i.e., first 
+  one, then the other), <EM>I bought a new car</EM> (i.e., and now someone else 
+  is buying a new car, too).</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.8</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>DEM</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Demonstrative</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">DEMONSTRATIVE</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the first party demonstrates for the second party how to do something or what 
+  to do. Thus an Ithkuil sentence constructed as <EM>We played chess</EM> with 
+  the verb in the <FONT size="2">DEMONSTRATIVE</FONT> valence would mean �I 
+  showed her how to play chess,� while the sentence constructed as <EM>They 
+  fought us</EM> in this valence would mean �They taught us how to fight.�</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="15%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.9</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="13%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>RES</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Resistive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">RESISTIVE</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the second party resists or attempts to avoid participating in the activity 
+  of the first party. This sense can sometimes be suggested in English using the 
+  adverbs �anyway,� �nevertheless,� or adverbial phrases 
+  such as �just the same,� as in sentences such as <EM>We took the 
+  children to see the clowns anyway</EM> (i.e., they didn�t want to go), 
+  <EM>They fed me liver just the same</EM> (i.e., I can�t stand liver), 
+  <EM>Nevertheless, he told us the story</EM> (i.e., despite our not wanting to 
+  hear it).</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.10</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>IMT</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Imitative</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">IMITATIVE</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the second party mimics, imitates, or attempts to duplicate the activity of 
+  the first party. The Ithkuil sentence <EM>The clown juggled three balls for 
+  the child</EM> in the <FONT size="2">IMITATIVE</FONT> valence implies that the 
+  child attempted to juggle the balls as well.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.11</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>CNG</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Contingent</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">CONTINGENT</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the second party engages in the next or dependent phase of a multi-part activity, 
+  the specific activity being dependent on context. Thus the Ithkuil sentence 
+  <EM>I started the campfire for my friend</EM> in the <FONT size="2">CONTINGENT</FONT> 
+  implies that the friend then performed the next logical step, i.e., he cooked 
+  the food.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.12</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>PTI</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Participative</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">PARTICIPATIVE</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the parties take part in an activity involving a greater whole, translatable 
+  by the English phrase �take part in.�� Thus, the Ithkuil sentence 
+  <EM>They raced </EM>in the <FONT size="2">PARTICIPATIVE</FONT> means �They 
+  each took part in the race.�</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.13</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>IDC</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Indicative</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">INDICATIVE</FONT> valence indicates that 
+  the second party perceives a cue, nuance, or implication from the first party�s 
+  activity. Thus the sentence <EM>I looked at her</EM> in the <FONT size="2">INDICATIVE</FONT> 
+  would mean �She understood what I meant from my looking at her� 
+  while the sentence <EM>I spoke to them</EM> would mean �They gleaned what 
+  I really meant from my words.�</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.2.14</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>MUT</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Mutual</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">MUTUAL</FONT> valence indicates that both 
+  parties alternate performing an activity, as in <EM>She and I take turns cleaning</EM> 
+  or <EM>They both alternate teaching the beginning and advanced classes</EM>.</P>
+<H3><BR>
+  5.2.15 Examples of Valence in Use</H3>
+<P><STRONG><IMG src="assets/Clown1.GIF" width="102" height="102" border="0" align="top"></A></STRONG><STRONG><BR>
+  <FONT size="1" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-3.mp3"><FONT color="#FFFFFF"> 
+  </FONT>Listen!</A> <A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-3.mp3"><IMG src="assets/Audio_icon.gif" width="19" height="16" border="0" align="absbottom"></A></FONT> 
+  <BR>
+  </STRONG></P>
+<P><STRONG><IMG src="assets/5-2-15b.gif" width="543" height="256"></STRONG></P>
+<P>&nbsp;</P>
+<TABLE width="98%" border="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
+  <TBODY><TR>
+    <TD><P><A name="Sec5o3"></A><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3 VERSION</STRONG></FONT></P></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">Version refers to a six-way aspectual distinction indicating 
+  whether the verb refers to an act, event or state which is goal- or result-oriented, 
+  and/or whether it has been successfully actualized subsequent to one�s 
+  initial intention. Like many Ithkuil morphological categories, version addresses 
+  semantic distinctions which are usually rendered by lexical differentiation 
+  (i.e., word choice) in other languages. </P>
+<P align="justify">Version is shown by one of six forms of the vocalic valence 
+  prefix to a conflational adjunct as previously discussed and shown in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Table12">Sec. 
+  5.2, Table 12</A>). The six versions are <FONT size="2">PROCESSUAL</FONT>, <FONT size="2">COMPLETIVE</FONT>, 
+  <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT>, <FONT size="2">INCOMPLETIVE</FONT>, <FONT size="2">POSITIVE</FONT> 
+  and <FONT size="2">EFFECTIVE</FONT>. They are explained below.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3.1</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>PRC</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Processual</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">PROCESSUAL</FONT> describes all acts, conditions, 
+  or events which are ends in themselves and not goal-oriented, i.e., are not 
+  focused on an anticipated outcome or final purpose toward which a progressive 
+  effort is being made. It is the default or neutral version and is shown by the 
+  first form of the valence prefix (as shown in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Table12">Table 12</A>) 
+  or, where there is no conflational or valence adjunct, is unmarked.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3.2</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>CPT</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Completive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">COMPLETIVE</FONT> describes acts, conditions, 
+  or events which achieve, or are intended to achieve, an anticipated outcome, 
+  i.e., which are oriented toward the achievement of some purpose, outcome, or 
+  final state. Such a distinction is usually handled by word choice in Western 
+  languages. The dynamism of version can be seen in the following comparisons:</P>
+<BLOCKQUOTE> 
+  <P><FONT size="2"><STRONG>PROCESSUAL <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    COMPLETIVE</STRONG></FONT></P>
+  <P><EM>hunt <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to hunt down <BR>
+    to be losing <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to lose <BR>
+    to study <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to learn <BR>
+    to be winning <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to win<BR>
+    to strive for <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to accomplish, achieve <BR>
+    to risk <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to defeat the odds; win<BR>
+    to work <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to build, construct, make <BR>
+    to displace; infiltrate <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    infest, to take over; vanquish<BR>
+    to pour out <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to drain <BR>
+    to remove (incrementally) <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to eliminate<BR>
+    to increase <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to maximize <BR>
+    to read <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to read to the end; finish reading<BR>
+    to decrease <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    minimize <BR>
+    to flank <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to surround<BR>
+    to enlarge <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to make gigantic <BR>
+    to spread upon or over <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to cover, engulf, envelop<BR>
+    to shrink <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    miniaturize <BR>
+    to chase <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to catch up to<BR>
+    to eat <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> eat 
+    all up <BR>
+    to pursue <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to capture<BR>
+    to compete <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to win <BR>
+    to be pregnant <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to give birth<BR>
+    to throw at <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to hit (with a throw) <BR>
+    to run low on <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to run out of, deplete<BR>
+    to grow <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to grow up <BR>
+    to use <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> use 
+    up<BR>
+    to possess, hold <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> to keep <BR>
+    to tear/ rip <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to tear/rip up or to pieces<BR>
+    to join together <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to unify <BR>
+    to accelerate, speed up <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to achieve maximum speed<BR>
+    to pour into <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to fill (up) <BR>
+    to bleed <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to bleed to death<BR>
+    to run <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> to 
+    run all the way <BR>
+    to descend, go down <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to get to the bottom<BR>
+    to brighten <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to illuminate <BR>
+    to decelerate, slow down <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to stop<BR>
+    to search for, seek <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to find <BR>
+    to polish <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to burnish<BR>
+    to practice <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to perfect <BR>
+    to darken <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to make dark<BR>
+    to ascend, rise <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to reach the top <BR>
+    to explore <IMG src="assets/arrow.gif" width="17" height="9"> 
+    to discover</EM></P>
+  
+</BLOCKQUOTE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3.3</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>INE</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Ineffectual</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">This version, the <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT>, and the 
+  next, the <FONT size="2">INCOMPLETIVE</FONT>, operate in parallel fashion to 
+  the <FONT size="2">PROCESSUAL</FONT> and the <FONT size="2">COMPLETIVE</FONT> 
+  versions respectively but are specific to acts, events, or states initially 
+  expressed (whether explicitly or implicitly) as unrealized intentions, attempts, 
+  desires, needs, etc., often in conjunction with a modality affix to the verb 
+  (see <A href="ithkuil-ch5b-verbs-contd.htm#Sec5o5">Sec. 5.5</A>). Such �unrealized� 
+  verbs are exemplified in the following sentences: <EM>I want to dance, She needs 
+  to work, I tried to finish, She must find him, I choose to celebrate</EM>. Each 
+  of these sentences in itself does not specify whether the action was �realized� 
+  or not, i.e., just because I want to dance doesn�t necessarily mean that 
+  I actually do dance; her need to work doesn�t tell us by itself whether 
+  she in fact will work, etc.</P>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT> version indicates that 
+  the outcome of an �unrealized� <FONT size="2">PROCESSUAL</FONT> 
+  verb is unsuccessful. Thus the sentence <EM>I want to dance</EM> in the <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT> 
+  would be translated as <EM>I want to dance but I�m not going to</EM>, 
+  while the sentence <EM>I tried to eat</EM> in the <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT> 
+  means <EM>I tried to eat but couldn�t</EM>.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3.4</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>INC</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Incompletive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">The <FONT size="2">INCOMPLETIVE</FONT> version indicates that 
+  the outcome of an �unrealized� <FONT size="2">COMPLETIVE</FONT> 
+  verb is unsuccessful. It functions identically to the <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT>, 
+  except that it refers to a verb that is result/goal-oriented, as illustrated 
+  in the comparative chart shown above for the <FONT size="2">COMPLETIVE</FONT> 
+  version. Thus, the sentence <EM>I tried to eat</EM> in the <FONT size="2">INCOMPLETIVE</FONT> 
+  means <EM>I tried to eat all of it but couldn�t</EM>.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="19%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3.5</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>PST</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="65%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Positive</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">Complementing the <FONT size="2">INEFFECTUAL</FONT>, the <FONT size="2">POSITIVE</FONT> 
+  version indicates an intention brought to reality. Thus the sentence <EM>I want 
+  to dance</EM> in the <FONT size="2">POSITIVE</FONT> would be translated as <EM>I 
+  want to dance and so I�m going to</EM>, while the sentence <EM>I tried 
+  to eat</EM> in the <FONT size="2">POSITIVE</FONT> means <EM>I succeeded in eating 
+  something</EM>.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<DIV align="justify">
+  <TABLE width="45%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+    <TBODY><TR> 
+      <TD width="18%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.3.6</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+      <TD width="10%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>EFC</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><FONT size="4"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+      <TD width="63%"><FONT size="4"><STRONG>The Effective</STRONG></FONT></TD>
+    </TR>
+  </TBODY></TABLE>
+</DIV>
+<P align="justify">Likewise, the <FONT size="2">EFFECTIVE</FONT> version complements 
+  the <FONT size="2">INCOMPLETIVE</FONT>, indicating the same successful effort 
+  implied by the <FONT size="2">POSITIVE</FONT> version, only applied to goal-/result-oriented 
+  verbs. Thus <EM>I wanted to finish</EM> in the <FONT size="2">EFFECTIVE</FONT> 
+  implies that the desire was successfully carried out; <EM>I tried to eat</EM> 
+  in the <FONT size="2">EFFECTIVE</FONT> means <EM>I succeeded in eating it all 
+  up</EM>.</P>
+<H3 align="justify"><BR>
+  5.3.7 Examples of Version in Use</H3>
+<BLOCKQUOTE> 
+  <P align="justify"><IMG src="assets/5-3-7.gif" width="609" height="375"> 
+    <BR>
+    <STRONG><FONT size="1" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-4.mp3">Listen!</A> 
+    <A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-4.mp3"><IMG src="assets/Audio_icon.gif" width="19" height="16" border="0" align="absbottom"></A></FONT> 
+    <BR>
+    </STRONG> </P>
+</BLOCKQUOTE>
+<P>&nbsp;</P>
+
+<TABLE width="99%" border="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
+  <TBODY><TR>
+    <TD><P><A name="Sec5o4"></A><FONT size="4"><STRONG>5.4 CONFLATION, DERIVATION 
+        AND FORMAT</STRONG></FONT></P></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P>Many languages, including English, are able to combine two separate meanings 
+  into a single verb, a process termed <STRONG>conflation</STRONG>. This is illustrated 
+  in the following English sentences:</P>
+<BLOCKQUOTE>
+  <P>1. <EM>He bicycled south. = </EM>He traveled south by bicycle.<BR>
+    2. <EM>She dolled herself up</EM>. = She made herself look as pretty as a 
+    doll.<BR>
+    3. <EM>They�re shelving the books</EM>. = They�re putting the 
+    books on the shelf/shelves.<BR>
+    4. <EM>Slide me a beer</EM>. = Give me a beer by sliding it (e.g., along the 
+    bar).</P>
+</BLOCKQUOTE>
+<P align="justify">The above sentences show four verbs which respectively carry 
+  inherent senses of vector movement, transformation, positioning/placement, and 
+  giving. The patterning of such �conflated� verbs is usually random 
+  and haphazard in any given language. For example, the English <EM>to bicycle</EM> 
+  in sentence (1) means �to travel by means of bicycle,� not �to 
+  make a bicycle� or �to be a bicycle.� On the other hand, the 
+  verb <EM>to doll up</EM> does not mean to �travel by doll,� but 
+  rather �to make appear like a doll.� Yet, <EM>to shelve</EM> means 
+  �to place on a shelf,� not �to travel by means of shelves� 
+  or �to make appear like a shelf.� And none of the verbs in the first 
+  three sentences connotes the idea of giving or conveyance as does <EM>slide</EM> 
+  in sentence (4).</P>
+<P align="justify">As can be seen, verb conflation is essentially a �short-cut� 
+  way of combining an unspoken primary verbal sense (such as movement, transformation, 
+  placement, giving, etc.) with an overtly expressed verb that conveys a secondary 
+  sense such as means, manner, or location. This can be formally notated for our 
+  four sentences above as follows:</P>
+<BLOCKQUOTE> 
+  <P align="justify"><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">He [1: 
+    (TRAVEL+past tense) south] [2: (BY-MEANS-OF) bicycle] <BR>
+    =<EM> <STRONG>He bicycled south</STRONG></EM>.</FONT></P>
+  <P align="justify"><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">She [1: 
+    (CAUSE-TO-RESEMBLE+past tense+reflexive)] [2: (IN-THE-MANNER-OF) doll] <BR>
+    = <EM><STRONG>She dolled herself up</STRONG></EM>.</FONT></P>
+  <P align="justify"><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">They [1: 
+    (PUT+progressive) the books] [2: (TO-LOCATION-OF) shelves] <BR>
+    = <EM><STRONG>They�re shelving the books</STRONG></EM>.</FONT></P>
+  <P align="justify"><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[1: (GIVE+imperative)] 
+    a beer [2: (BY-MEANS-OF) sliding] to me <BR>
+    = <EM><STRONG>Slide me a beer</STRONG></EM>.</FONT></P>
+</BLOCKQUOTE>
+<P align="justify">Note that the particular unspoken covert and overt senses (shown 
+  by the numerals 1 and 2 in the above analyses) are specific to any given verb 
+  and must be subjectively learned by the listener, i.e., a speaker of English 
+  must learn that <EM>to hand</EM> means to GIVE by MEANS of one�s hand, 
+  but <EM>to shoulder</EM> does <STRONG>not</STRONG> mean to GIVE by MEANS of 
+  one�s shoulder. </P>
+<P align="justify">Thus, while conflation of verbs presents a potential opportunity 
+  for instantiating verbs with patterns of overt and covert meaning, the lack 
+  of systemization prevents one from knowing with certainty what pattern to use 
+  when attempting to interpret the usage of a verb form. For example, imagine 
+  an English speaker using a new verb form such as �to apple,� as 
+  in <EM>Let�s �apple� today</EM>. Would this mean <EM>to pick 
+  apples?, to eat apples?, to plant apples?, to bake apples?, to buy apples?, 
+  to turn something into an apple?, to wear apple-related clothing?</EM> Without 
+  a standardized system of conflation, the meaning of such a form could only be 
+  learned from hearing others using it in context.</P>
+<P align="justify">Ithkuil systemizes verb conflation into a complex, productive 
+  scheme, in which a verb can convey any of eight covert senses, called <STRONG>formats</STRONG>, 
+  which can then conflate with seven primary overt senses and 245 derivative overt 
+  senses to theoretically yield 2016 possible semantic combinations. In this manner 
+  the Ithkuil verb corresponding to English <EM>to shelve</EM>, can by systematic 
+  conflation be made to indicate meanings as diverse as:</P>
+<TABLE width="62%" border="0" cellpadding="0">
+  <TBODY><TR valign="top"> 
+    <TD width="8%" height="152"><EM><BR>
+      </EM></TD>
+    <TD width="42%"><EM>to build shelves<BR>
+      to be a shelf <BR>
+      to make straight as a shelf<BR>
+      to remain a shelf <BR>
+      to seem like a shelf <BR>
+      to support on a shelf<BR>
+      to compare shelves <BR>
+      to reserve a shelf </EM></TD>
+    <TD width="50%"><EM>to convey with a shelf<BR>
+      to make as long as a shelf <BR>
+      to cover with shelves <BR>
+      to arrange on shelves<BR>
+      to place on a shelf<BR>
+      to hurt someone with a shelf <BR>
+      to push using a shelf <BR>
+      to exchange for a shelf</EM></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify">Note, however, that being completely systematic for all verbs, 
+  the Ithkuil conflation system generates forms which, for any particular verb, 
+  will often be semantically questionable, even anomalous, e.g., <EM>to travel 
+  by shelf, to taste of shelves, to make as warm as a shelf, to spend time as 
+  a shelf</EM>, etc. (The fact that such semantically anomalous forms are morphologically 
+  permissible presents no problem from a logical perspective and is inherent in 
+  human language, as exemplified in English by morphologically permissible but 
+  semantically anomalous forms such as �re-laugh� or �co-beer.�)</P>
+<P align="justify">The specifics of primary conflation, format, and derivative 
+  conflation are detailed in the following sections.</P>
+<P align="justify">&nbsp;</P>
+<H3 align="justify"><A name="Sec5o4o1"></A>5.4.1 (Primary) Conflation</H3>
+<P align="justify">Primary Conflation, which we will hereafter simply termed Conflation, 
+  refers to seven overt senses with which the main verb conflates. These conflations 
+  are shown in conjunction with Affiliation and Extension by a vocalic prefix 
+  to the main verb. We previously encountered these prefixes for nouns in Table 
+  11 of <A href="ithkuil-ch3-morphology.htm#Sec3o4">Sec 3.4</A>. 
+  Here, these prefixes are expanded to include the seven primary conflations. 
+  The senses of the seven conflations are explained in Table 13 below, while the 
+  prefixes themselves are shown in Table 14.</P>
+<P align="justify"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><BR>
+  <STRONG>Table 13: Conflations</STRONG></FONT></P>
+<TABLE width="84%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> 
+    <TD><DIV align="center"><FONT size="2"><STRONG>LABEL</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center"><FONT size="2"><STRONG>CONFLATION</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center"><FONT size="2"><STRONG>MEANING</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPR</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">To perform the action 
+      of X; to do what X does; to carry out X�s function</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STA</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Stative manifestation, 
+      i.e. to be in a (temporary) state; does NOT mean �be� in the 
+      sense of copula identification as in �I am John�</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MNF</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">To manifest or be identified 
+      as a specific entity; this is the nearest equivalent to the �be� 
+      copula of identification in Western languages</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DSP</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Descriptive manifestation, 
+      i.e., to appear or manifest in the manner of; this sense is the nearest 
+      Ithkuil equivalent to English adjectives</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ATV</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Either action or motion 
+      <EM>in situ</EM>, i.e., action performed or movement in place (as in shaking, 
+      spinning, wagging, jumping, etc.)</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">PSN</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Position or location, 
+      i.e. to be situated in a location/position in space</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ICH</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Transformation from 
+      one state to another or formation of an identity</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P> <BR>
+  <BR>
+  <FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>Table 14: Conflation Prefixes 
+  by Extension &amp; Affiliation</STRONG></FONT><BR>
+  <BR>
+  <IMG src="assets/5-4-1.gif" width="718" height="549"> <BR>
+  <EM>*</EM> <FONT size="2">This <STRONG>a-</STRONG> prefix is optional if the 
+  nominal versus verbal status of the formative can be determined from other morphological 
+  elements or if the meaning of the phrase or sentence is clear regardless of 
+  knowing the formative's nominal or verbal status.</FONT><BR>
+</P>
+<H3><A name="Sec5o4o2"></A>5.4.2 Format </H3>
+<P align="justify">As described above, any conflated verb carries both an overt 
+  sense and a covert sense. The covert sense constitutes the <STRONG>format</STRONG> 
+  of the verb. Format is shown by variation in the -<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+  suffix to a valence adjunct, as previously described in <FONT color="#FF0000"><A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o2">Sec. 
+  5.2</A></FONT>. The eight formats are explained in Table 15 below along with 
+  their respective suffixes to a valence adjunct. </P>
+<P align="justify">The astute reader may have noted in Table 14 above that the 
+  prefixes for the <FONT size="2">OPERATIVE</FONT> conflation are the same as 
+  the default (i.e., �conflation-less�) Extension/Affiliation prefixes 
+  for nouns previously shown in Table 11 of <A href="ithkuil-ch3-morphology.htm#Sec3o4">Sec. 
+  3.4</A>. One may ask, then, how one knows whether or not these particular prefixes 
+  are meant to show <FONT size="2">OPERATIVE</FONT> conflation on a formative. 
+  The answer is that, in the absence of one of the formats below, the prefixes 
+  do not indicate such conflation.</P>
+<P align="justify"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><BR>
+  Table 15: Format Suffixes to Valence/Version Adjuncts</STRONG></FONT></P>
+<TABLE width="81%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="9%" bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF"><STRONG><FONT size="2">LABEL</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="19%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">FORMAT</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">SUFFIX</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="63%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">EXPLANATION (COVERT 
+        SENSE OF VERB)</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">SCH</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">SCHEMATIC</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/m-double plus accent.gif" width="24" height="13"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies the manner of the conflated primary sense, e.g., <EM>I�m 
+      speeding through the book</EM> = reading speedily; <EM>Clouds blanketed 
+      the city</EM> = cover like a blanket</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ISR</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INSTRUMENT-ATIVE</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/l-double plus accent.gif" width="10" height="16" align="absmiddle"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates the means, 
+      cause, or instrument of causation of the conflated primary sense, e.g., 
+      <EM>I clubbed him</EM> = I hit him with a club; <EM>She drove him there</EM> 
+      = She transported him there by driving </FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ATH</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">AUTHORITIVE</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/nn-cedilla-acute.gif" width="15" height="16" align="absbottom"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies the indirect/enabling cause or circumstance which gives rise 
+      to the conflated primary sense, e.g., <EM>He sang her cares away</EM> = 
+      his singing allowed her to forget her cares</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">PRC</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">PRECURRENT</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/nn-grave.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absbottom"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies an initial event immediately preceding or continuing on into 
+      the conflated sense, where the overt sense is not the cause of the conflated 
+      sense, i.e., the conflated sense would have occurred anyway, e.g., <EM>I 
+      bought some lunch</EM> (conflated sense: EAT)</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">RSL</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">RESULTATIVE</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/rr-cedilla-grave.gif" width="13" height="18" align="absbottom"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies the concurrent result of the conflated sense, i.e., an event 
+      which occurs in conjunction with the conflated sense but is also caused 
+      by it, e.g., <EM>The plane crashed into the water</EM> (conflated sense: 
+      FLY)</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">SBQ</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">SUBSEQUENT</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/mm-grave.gif" width="25" height="16" align="absbottom"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies the subsequent cause-and-effect result or purpose (not the 
+      concurrent result) of the conflated sense, e.g., <EM>I�ll look in 
+      on the stew</EM> (conflated sense: GO [to kitchen])</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">CCM</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">CONCOMITTANT</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/l-double grave.gif" width="7" height="14"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies an incidental simultaneous event having no causal relationship, 
+      e.g., <EM>She wore jeans to church</EM> (conflated sense: GO); <EM>He sweated 
+      through her recital</EM> (Conflated sense: LISTEN)</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD bgcolor="#999999"> <DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OBJ</FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OBJECTIVE</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center">-<IMG src="assets/rr-cedilla-acute.gif" width="13" height="17" align="absmiddle"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Indicates that the 
+      verb specifies the Patient (see <FONT color="#FF0000"><A href="ithkuil-ch4-case.htm#Sec4o1o1">Sec. 
+      4.1.1</A></FONT>) of the underlying conflated sense, e.g., <EM>She dusted 
+      the table</EM> (conflated sense: REMOVE); <EM>They fish that river each 
+      spring</EM> (conflated sense: GATHER/COLLECT)</FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<H3 align="justify"> <BR>
+  <BR>
+  5.4.3 Derivation and Conflation Adjuncts<A name="Sec5o4o3"></A></H3>
+<P align="justify">In addition to the seven primary conflations signified by vocalic 
+  prefix to the verb, there are 245 additional overt conflation senses which utilize 
+  the same seven verbal prefix patterns in conjunction with an additional conflation 
+  adjunct preceding the verb. Because these 245 conflations are derived by adding 
+  a special adjunct to the verb along with the same verb prefixes of the seven 
+  primary conflations, they are called derivations, to distinguish them from the 
+  seven conflations. Note that when a derivation is present (evidenced by a conflation 
+  adjunct), it is the derivation that determines the conflative meaning of the 
+  verb, not the conflation shown by the main verb.</P>
+<P align="justify">The conflation adjunct used with these derivations is the same 
+  adjunct as the valence adjunct already analyzed in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o2">Section 
+  5.2</A>. By adding an additional consonantal prefix and the consonantal format 
+  suffix from <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o4o2">Sec. 5.4.2</A> above, we generate the following 
+  formula:</P>
+<P align="justify"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT> 
+  + V<FONT size="1">V</FONT> + C<FONT size="1">K</FONT></STRONG></FONT>, where:</P>
+<P align="justify"><STRONG>V<FONT size="1">V</FONT></STRONG> = A vocalic prefix 
+  signifying the valence and version of the verb, as previously described in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o2">Sections 
+  5.2</A> and <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o3">5.3</A> above and shown in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Table12">Table 
+  12</A>. In its basic form, <STRONG>V<FONT size="1">V</FONT></STRONG> always 
+  begins either with a vowel, <EM>w</EM> + vowel, or <EM>y </EM>+ vowel.</P>
+<P align="justify"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> = A single consonant 
+  form signifying a pattern of derivative conflation, whose exact meaning is dependent 
+  on which of the seven primary conflation patterns is shown by the vocalic prefix 
+  of the verb itself. For example, where <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> 
+  is <STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p</FONT></STRONG>, 
+  the actual conflationary meaning differs depending on whether the main verb 
+  shows the <FONT size="2">OPERATIVE, STATIVE, MANIFESTIVE, DESCRIPTIVE, ACTIVE</FONT>, 
+  <FONT size="2">POSITIONAL </FONT> or <FONT size="2">INCHOATIVE</FONT> pattern. 
+  Additionally, each <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> has three variations 
+  depending on whether <STRONG>V<FONT size="1">V</FONT></STRONG> above begins 
+  with a vowel, begins with <STRONG>w</STRONG>- or with <STRONG>y</STRONG>-. Where 
+  <STRONG>Vv</STRONG> begins with a vowel, the first form of <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> 
+  (labelled <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG>) is used; where <STRONG>Vv</STRONG> 
+  has an initial <STRONG>w</STRONG>-, the second form of <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> 
+  (labelled <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG>) is used and the initial 
+  <STRONG>w</STRONG>- to <STRONG>Vv</STRONG> is dropped; where <STRONG>Vv</STRONG> 
+  begins with <STRONG>y</STRONG>-, the third form of <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> 
+  (labelled <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG>) is used and the initial 
+  <STRONG>y</STRONG>- to <STRONG>Vv</STRONG> is dropped.</P>
+<P align="justify"> For example, the forms of <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> 
+  = <STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p</FONT></STRONG> 
+  are as follows: <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG> = <STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p</FONT></STRONG>, 
+  <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG> = <STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">b</FONT></STRONG>, 
+  and <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG> = <STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p</FONT>�</STRONG>. 
+  Thus, combining <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> = <STRONG>p</STRONG> 
+  with the valence adjunct forms <STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ei</FONT></STRONG><IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle">, 
+  <STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">wei</FONT></STRONG><IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle">, 
+  and <STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">yei</FONT></STRONG><IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+  we get the following results:</P>
+<TABLE width="75%" border="0" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p 
+        + ei<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+        = pei<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p 
+        + wei<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+        = bei<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+        </FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p 
+        + yei<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"> 
+        = p�ei<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle"></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="justify"><BR>
+  <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">K</FONT></STRONG> = One of the eight format suffixes 
+  shown in <A href="ithkuil-ch5a-verbs.htm#Sec5o4o2">Sec. 5.4.2</A> above, indicating the covert sense 
+  of the conflated verb. </P>
+<P align="justify">Examples of basic conflation adjuncts are <FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>bram<IMG src="assets/m-acute.gif" width="12" height="17" align="absbottom">, 
+  t�u<IMG src="assets/nn-cedilla-grave.gif" width="15" height="15" align="absmiddle">, 
+  wiu<IMG src="assets/nn-acute.gif" width="15" height="14" align="absmiddle">, 
+  ll�u<IMG src="assets/l-bar double plus accent.gif" width="13" height="16">, 
+  and c�<IMG src="assets/r-cedilla double plus accent.gif" width="15" height="16" align="absmiddle">ua. 
+  </STRONG></FONT></P>
+<P align="justify">The following tables show the <STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT></STRONG> 
+  prefixes and the overt senses associated with these derivations.</P>
+<P align="justify"><BR>
+  <STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Tables 16-1 through 16-40: 
+  Derivations</FONT></STRONG></P>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"> 
+      <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> 
+      <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> 
+      <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"> 
+      <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p<BR>
+        </FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> 
+      <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">b</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> 
+      <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">p�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>do, undertake, take on</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>mentally envision</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be in a certain position, put, place</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>feel, emote</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>attend to, deal with</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>translative motion; move from one place to another</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>happen, occur, take place</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">t</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">d</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">t�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>use, utilize</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>stay, remain</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>comprise, make up, include</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>resemble (physically)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>act, function</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>arrange, set up</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>make, create</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/k-cedilla.gif" width="10" height="17" align="absmiddle"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/Jv.gif" width="9" height="20" align="absbottom"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/k-cedilla.gif" align="absmiddle"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>get, induce to</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>depend upon</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>model, emulate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>resemble (behaviorally)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>touch, feel</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>distribute</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>build, construct</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>k</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">g</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">k�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>let, permit, allow</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>think, speculate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>organize, coordinate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>resemble (physically and behaviorally)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>handle, manipulate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>disseminate, distribute</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>develop into</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>q</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/g-dot.gif" width="12" height="19" align="bottom"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>q</STRONG>�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have (someone do something)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>analyze, reason</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have order, delineate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have three-dimensional form or shape of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>strike, impact, hit</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>contain</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>grow, raise</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>f</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>v</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>p<IMG src="assets/aspiration-h.gif" width="4" height="17" align="absbottom"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>persuade, cajole</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>learn, study</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>substitute (identity)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have or take shape, form or outline of, e.g., the posse ringed them in</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>shake, spasm</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>enclose</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>strive, pursue</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/t-cedilla.gif" width="7" height="16" align="absbottom"></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/d-cedilla.gif" width="12" height="17"></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>t<IMG src="assets/aspiration-h.gif" width="4" height="17" align="absbottom"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>influence</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>remember</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>play role of, act as</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>texture</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>touch</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>inhabit, store</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>ameliorate, repair, fix</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/c-cedilla.gif" width="6" height="16"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/Yv.gif" width="12" height="19"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/k-cedilla aspirated.gif" width="18" height="20"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>urge, motivate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>see</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>declare, pronounce</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>compare</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>derive</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>inundate with, overwhelm </TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD height="27"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>strengthen</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>x</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Gv.gif" width="12" height="21"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>k<IMG src="assets/aspiration-h.gif" width="4" height="17"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hint at, suggest</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hear</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>present</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>impute, ascribe</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>gather, collect</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>shelter</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>enhance, improve</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">l</FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/x-cedilla.gif" width="10" height="14" align="absbottom"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><IMG src="assets/Rv.gif" width="7" height="16"></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>q<IMG src="assets/aspiration-h.gif" width="4" height="17"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>attract</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>smell, have odor of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>exemplify, provide model for</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>imitate, mimic, act like</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>kill</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>release, let out</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD height="27"><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>open, reveal (physically make visible/available)</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>m</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>mm</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>hm</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>obey, comply</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>taste</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>introduce</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be similar, have similarity</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>regulate, establish rule</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>traverse, follow path, go</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>to (be) open, to (be/set) ajar</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>n</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>nn</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>hn</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>substitute (use)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>sense, intuit</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>embody, example of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>mean, signify</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>embellish, decorate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>journey</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>close, seal, hold fast</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>l</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>ll</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>hl</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>play, recreate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>alive, living</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>mark, reference</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>point out, indicate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>activate, turn on</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>convey, transfer, transport</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>find, discover</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="7%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="9%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="5%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="25%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="54%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT color="#FFFFFF" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>l</STRONG></FONT><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/n-cedilla.gif" width="10" height="14" align="absbottom"></FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><FONT color="#FFFFFF">l</FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/n-eng geminate.gif" width="17" height="12" align="absbottom"></FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">h<IMG src="assets/n-cedilla.gif" width="10" height="14" align="absbottom"></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>work, toil</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have aura or air of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>explain, show how</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>wave</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>prove, demonstrate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>lift, ascend, raise</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>reveal (figuratively), let know</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>h</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/h-cedilla.gif" width="10" height="19" align="absbottom"></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>hh</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>command</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be ill, be sick</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>support (figurative)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>imbue with</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>create art, compose</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>lower, descend</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>join, connect</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>r</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>rr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>hr</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>practice, rehearse</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>injury, be injured</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>procure, obtain</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>(de)limit, constrain</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>consume, use (up)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>push, contact</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>establish, ordain, to found</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/r-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/r-cedilla.gif" align="absmiddle"></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>h<IMG src="assets/r-cedilla.gif" align="absbottom"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>choose, select</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>engage in</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>acknowledge</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>different(iate)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>follow/disciple</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>pull, draw</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>fuse, blend, mix</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/l-cedilla.gif" width="5" height="17"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/l-slash.gif" width="8" height="14"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Qv.gif" width="10" height="18"></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>try out, �taste�</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>please, enjoy</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>visit</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have height, be tall</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>manage, oversee</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>destination</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>illuminate</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>s</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>z</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>ss</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>probe</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>pass time</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>host</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have width, be wide</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>relieve of, strip of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>originate (from)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>determine, ascertain</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/s-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/z-cedilla.gif" width="14" height="15"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/s-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14"></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>facilitate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>occupy space, �cover�</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>project, emanate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have depth, be deep</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>surrender, succumb</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>arrive</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be new</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Sv.gif" width="8" height="16"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Zv.gif" width="9" height="16"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Sv.gif" width="8" height="16"></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>support (physically)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>value, have value</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>honor, respect</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have length, be long</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>experiment, test</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>spread, overtake</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>react</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>c</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/z-bar.gif" width="9" height="11" align="absbottom"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>c�</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>ally (with)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>relish, adore</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>sanction</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have volume, have size</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>cover, apply</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>conceal, hide</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>enlarge, increase</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/C dot.gif" width="9" height="14"></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/z-dot.gif" width="9" height="15"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/C dot.gif" width="9" height="14" align="absmiddle"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>�</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>do right, best thing</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>experience, undergo</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>emphasize</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>have weight or mass</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>uphold, preserve</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>seek, search, look for</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>shrink, decrease</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Cv.gif" width="9" height="15"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>j</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><IMG src="assets/Cv.gif" width="9" height="15" align="absmiddle">�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>respond, reply</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>behave</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>encounter</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be rectilinear, be squarely aligned</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>maintain</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>circle, revolve, orbit</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>clean</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>pl</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>pr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">bl</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>speak, talk</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>imply</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>reserve</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>critique, criticize</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>explore</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>exchange for</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>heal, treat</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>tl</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>tr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>dl</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hail, acknowledge</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>distinguish</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>write</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>teach, train</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>entertain</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>read</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>help, aid</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>kl</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>kr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>gl</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hunt</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>protect, keep safe</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>provide</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be fair, be just</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>dominate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>remove, rid</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>ensure, certain</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>fl</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>fr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>br</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>harm, damage</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>nurture, succor</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>undermine</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be unfair or unjust</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>counteract</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>trap, catch</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>ruin, break, render useless</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/t-cedilla.gif" width="7" height="16" align="absbottom">l</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/t-cedilla.gif" width="7" height="16" align="absbottom">r</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>dr</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>conduct, hold (e.g., a meeting)</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hang, suspend</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>carry</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>learned in</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>render harmless, subdue</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>set aright, position optimally</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>cook, prepare food</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>xl</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>xr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>gr</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>give</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>flap</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>obsession</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>characterize</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>take</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be upright, vertical</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>generate, give rise to</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>sl</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>sr</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG>zl</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>wear</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>secure, lock</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>study</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>suffer</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>bring</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be horizontal, be flat</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>draw forth, bring out</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/s-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14" align="absbottom">l</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/s-cedilla.gif" width="8" height="14" align="absbottom">r</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/z-cedilla.gif" width="14" height="15" align="absbottom">l</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hold</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>opine</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>tolerate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>argue</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>send</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be perpendicular, be at right angle to</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>approach</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"><DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/Sv.gif" width="8" height="16" align="absmiddle">l</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/Sv.gif" width="8" height="16" align="absmiddle">r</STRONG></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"><DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><STRONG><IMG src="assets/Zv.gif" width="9" height="16" align="absmiddle">l</STRONG></FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>harass, bother</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>lay, lie</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>hide</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>endanger</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>assault, attack</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>avoid</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>treachery</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ks</FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><BR>
+        </FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">gz</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">kst</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>commit immoral act</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>commit error</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>dote upon</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>trick, pull a ruse </TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>illegal act</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>run</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>bandy, play with</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ps<BR>
+        </FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">bz</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">pst</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>reward</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>prepare, make ready</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>extract, take out of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>ceremony/ritual</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>curtail, stop</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>linger, hang around</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>subsidize</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">st</FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><BR>
+        </FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">sn</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">st�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>waste</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>make difficult, trouble</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>circumvent, hinder</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>be or act belligerently, be hostile</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>impede, block</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>set foot in or upon, enter into or onto, be in presence of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>eat/ingest</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<BR>
+<TABLE width="72%" border="1" cellpadding="3">
+  <TBODY><TR> 
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>1</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>2</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="6%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG>C<FONT size="1">N</FONT>3</STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATION PREFIX<BR>
+        OF MAIN VERB</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="55%"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT size="2">CONFLATIVE MEANING 
+        OF DERIVATION</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">sp<BR>
+        </FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">sm</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD rowspan="7"> <DIV align="center"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">sp�</FONT></STRONG></DIV></TD>
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">OPERATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>practice, perform practice of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">STATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>disregard</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MANIFESTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>joke, play around, have fun with</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DESCRIPTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>ridicule, make fun of</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">ACTIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>violate</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">POSITIONAL</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>trespass</TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR> 
+    <TD><STRONG><FONT size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">INCHOATIVE</FONT></STRONG></TD>
+    <TD>align, be in alignment</TD>
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<H3><BR>
+  <BR>
+  5.4.4 Examples of Conflation, Derivation and Format in Use</H3>
+<P><STRONG><IMG src="assets/Clown5.GIF" width="79" height="97" border="0"></A><BR>
+  <FONT size="1" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-5.mp3"><FONT color="#FFFFFF">__</FONT>Listen!</A> 
+  <A href="Sound_Files/Ch-5-5.mp3"><IMG src="assets/Audio_icon.gif" width="19" height="16" border="0" align="absbottom"></A></FONT> 
+  </STRONG></P>
+<P align="right"><STRONG><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch5b-verbs-contd.html" target="mainFrame">Chapter 
+  5 continued &gt;&gt;</A></FONT></STRONG></P>
+<P align="left">&nbsp;</P>
+<TABLE width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="1">
+  <TBODY><TR>
+    <TD width="9%" height="25" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="1"><A name="menu"></A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="index.html" target="_top">Home</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="37%" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="assets/ithkuil-ch5a-verb-morphology1.html">5a 
+      Verb Morphology </A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD width="27%" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch9-syntax.html">9 
+      Syntax</A></FONT></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="2"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></FONT></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-intro.html">Introduction</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch5b-verbs-contd.html">5b 
+      Verb Morphology (continued)</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch10-lexicosemantics.html">10 
+      Lexico-Semantics</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="2"></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT size="2"></FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch1-phonology.html">1 
+      Phonology</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch6-moreverbs.html">6 
+      More Verb Morphology</A></FONT></DIV></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><DIV align="left"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch11-script.html">11 
+      The Script </A></FONT></FONT></DIV></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch2-morphophonology.html">2 
+      Morpho-Phonology</A></FONT><FONT size="2">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch7a-affixes.html">7a 
+      Using Affixes </A></FONT></FONT></FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch12-numbers.html">12 
+      The Number System</A></FONT></FONT></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT size="2">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch3-morphology.html">3 
+      Basic Morphology</A></FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch7b-affixes-contd.html">7b 
+      Using Affixes (continued) </A></FONT></FONT></TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-lexicon.html">The 
+      Lexicon</A></FONT></FONT></TD>
+  </TR>
+  <TR>
+    <TD height="26" valign="top">&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch4-case.html">4 
+      Case Morphology </A></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
+    <TD valign="top"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><A href="ithkuil-ch8-adjuncts.html">8 
+      Adjuncts</A></FONT></TD>
+    <!-- <td valign="top"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="ilaksh/Ilaksh_Intro.html">Revised Ithkuil: <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">I</font>laksh</a></font></td> -->
+  </TR>
+</TBODY></TABLE>
+<P align="left"><FONT size="-1">�2004-2009 by John Quijada. You may copy or excerpt 
+  any portion of the contents of this website provided you give full attribution 
+  to the author and this website. </FONT></P>
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author	uakci <uakci@uakci.eu>	2020-12-18 20:53:54 +0100
committer	uakci <uakci@uakci.eu>	2020-12-18 20:53:54 +0100
commit	7334b17885e12dcbf2cf425e8a5db21d780fb004 (patch)
tree	f4d3ea29436ac9a7d19306b21077182737413598 /2004-en-alt/ithkuil-ch5a-verb-morphology1.html
parent	2004-en, 2004-ru, 2011-en (diff)
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